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Resent-From: Hilton Chain Original-Sender: "Debbugs-submit" Resent-CC: ludo@gnu.org, maxim.cournoyer@gmail.com, guix-patches@gnu.org Resent-Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2025 07:33:02 +0000 Resent-Message-ID: Resent-Sender: help-debbugs@gnu.org X-GNU-PR-Message: followup 77093 X-GNU-PR-Package: guix-patches X-GNU-PR-Keywords: patch To: 77093@debbugs.gnu.org Cc: Hilton Chain , Ludovic =?utf-8?q?Court=C3=A8s?= , Maxim Cournoyer X-Debbugs-Original-Xcc: Ludovic =?utf-8?q?Court=C3=A8s?= , Maxim Cournoyer Received: via spool by 77093-submit@debbugs.gnu.org id=B77093.174271514318270 (code B ref 77093); Sun, 23 Mar 2025 07:33:02 +0000 Received: (at 77093) by debbugs.gnu.org; 23 Mar 2025 07:32:23 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1]:47444 helo=debbugs.gnu.org) by debbugs.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1twFoe-0004jV-HM for submit@debbugs.gnu.org; Sun, 23 Mar 2025 03:32:23 -0400 Received: from mx.boiledscript.com ([2a01:4f8:10b:392::42]:54550) by debbugs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1twFmJ-0004ET-UH for 77093@debbugs.gnu.org; Sun, 23 Mar 2025 03:29:55 -0400 From: Hilton Chain DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=ultrarare.space; s=mail; t=1742714991; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=JiNwbKUrl7zsfQSvHZddejGeZQwk+CVEvwtXC14pCdk=; b=I39DQxxgZtDTKDE5TR92ggTTyDrG4NieIxzSDs+X/5ae5Cuwn1MaalaJS8EA7iGAdbUYSu wG0E2phwmhWzwj+3qO87rncyVIR40o5wDfTk6tw46p4By6VHWwBpzflGyRGTPbZWNUp9zA 0ZrjMNwY70NiSx0uNE6/m1BXfWOL+iULG2nGK/Zuh+lnWoP9fHVoLd1kqbrdEAL2QFtjzU 4T2iUIcWWl03TIxhsxlXk31HAiHF5Wpdyq+k6fqLdHbIMW6soY8IePC3bKwBqZ7YSqO6ph puDBipMUd130LAjuyEVdGUvkHH6FI9LSOmEIJkclztdYU/kvRyg75OHKZAwlEw== Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2025 15:28:39 +0800 Message-ID: <71cbf5b40992439fd6e7f52daac0b63d61edf1d4.1742713356.git.hako@ultrarare.space> In-Reply-To: References: MIME-Version: 1.0 X-BeenThere: debbugs-submit@debbugs.gnu.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.18 Precedence: list X-BeenThere: guix-patches@gnu.org List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Errors-To: guix-patches-bounces+patchwork=mira.cbaines.net@gnu.org Sender: guix-patches-bounces+patchwork=mira.cbaines.net@gnu.org X-getmail-retrieved-from-mailbox: Patches * doc/contributing.texi (Packaging Guidelines)[Rust Crates]: Update documentation. * doc/guix-cookbook.texi (Packaging)[Packaging Workflow]: New section. Change-Id: Ic0c6378cf5f5df97d6f8bdd040b486be62c7bddc --- doc/contributing.texi | 91 ++++++++--- doc/guix-cookbook.texi | 352 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 418 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-) diff --git a/doc/contributing.texi b/doc/contributing.texi index ab4f30d54b..17f22390d5 100644 --- a/doc/contributing.texi +++ b/doc/contributing.texi @@ -1600,34 +1600,75 @@ Rust Crates @subsection Rust Crates @cindex rust -Rust programs standing for themselves are named as any other package, using the -lowercase upstream name. +Rust programs (binary crates) and dependencies (library crates) are treated +separately. We put our main efforts into programs and only package Rust +dependencies as sources, utilizing automation with a manual focus on unbundling +vendored dependencies. The following paragraphs will explain them and give +several examples. -To prevent namespace collisions we prefix all other Rust packages with the -@code{rust-} prefix. The name should be changed to lowercase as appropriate and -dashes should remain in place. +Rust programs are treated like any other package and named using the lowercase +upstream name. When using the Cargo build system (@pxref{Build Systems, +@code{cargo-build-system}}), Rust programs should have @code{#:install-source?} +argument set to @code{#f}, as this argument only makes sense for dependencies. +When the package source is a Cargo workspace, @code{#:cargo-install-paths} must +be set to enable relevant support. + +Rust dependencies are managed in two modules: + +@enumerate +@item +@code{(gnu packages rust-crates)}, storing source definitions imported from Rust +programs' @file{Cargo.lock} via the lockfile importer (@pxref{Invoking guix +import, @code{crate}, @code{--lockfile=@var{file}}}). + +Imported definitions must be checked and have vendored sources unbundled before +being contributed to Guix. This module is managed by the Rust team +(@pxref{Teams}). + +@item +@code{(gnu packages rust-sources)}, storing more complex definitions that need +to be full packages. This includes Rust dependencies requiring external inputs +to unbundle and Cargo workspaces. + +These dependencies should have the @code{#:skip-build?} argument set to +@code{#t}. For Cargo workspaces, @code{#:cargo-package-crates} must be set. + +Since they are added manually, the following naming convention applies: + +To prevent namespace collisions they are named with @code{rust-} prefix. The +name should be changed to lowercase as appropriate and dashes should remain in +place. In the rust ecosystem it is common for multiple incompatible versions of a -package to be used at any given time, so all package definitions should have a -versioned suffix. The versioned suffix is the left-most non-zero digit (and -any leading zeros, of course). This follows the ``caret'' version scheme -intended by Cargo. Examples@: @code{rust-clap-2}, @code{rust-rand-0.6}. - -Because of the difficulty in reusing rust packages as pre-compiled inputs for -other packages the Cargo build system (@pxref{Build Systems, -@code{cargo-build-system}}) presents the @code{#:cargo-inputs} and -@code{cargo-development-inputs} keywords as build system arguments. It would be -helpful to think of these as similar to @code{propagated-inputs} and -@code{native-inputs}. Rust @code{dependencies} and @code{build-dependencies} -should go in @code{#:cargo-inputs}, and @code{dev-dependencies} should go in -@code{#:cargo-development-inputs}. If a Rust package links to other libraries -then the standard placement in @code{inputs} and the like should be used. - -Care should be taken to ensure the correct version of dependencies are used; to -this end we try to refrain from skipping the tests or using @code{#:skip-build?} -when possible. Of course this is not always possible, as the package may be -developed for a different Operating System, depend on features from the Nightly -Rust compiler, or the test suite may have atrophied since it was released. +package to be used at any given time, so all dependencies should have a +versioned suffix. The versioned suffix is the left-most non-zero digit (and any +leading zeros, of course). This follows the ``caret'' version scheme intended +by Cargo. Examples@: @code{rust-clap-2}, @code{rust-rand-0.6}. + +In practice we are usually packaging development snapshots of Rust dependencies +specifically for some Rust programs, and can't simply identity them by version. +In this case we can use a @code{for-@var{program}} suffix, for example, +@code{rust-pipewire-for-niri} and @code{rust-pubgrub-for-uv}. +@end enumerate + +Rust dependencies are not referenced directly. @code{(guix build-sytem cargo)} +provides a @code{cargo-inputs} procedure to create an input list, in combination +with the lockfile importer. + +@cindex cargo-inputs +@deffn {Procedure} cargo-inputs @var{name} @ + [#:crates-module '(gnu packages rust-crates)] @ + [#:sources-module '(gnu packages rust-sources)] +Given symbol @code{'@var{name}}, resolve variable +@code{@var{name}-cargo-inputs}, an input list, in @var{crates-module}, return +its copy with @code{#f} removed and symbols resolved to variables defined in +@var{sources-module} if the input list exists, otherwise return an empty list. + +@var{name} must be consistent with the one used in lockfile importer invocation. +@end deffn + +For a more detailed packaging workflow, @pxref{Packaging Rust Crates,,, +guix-cookbook, GNU Guix Cookbook}. @node Elm Packages diff --git a/doc/guix-cookbook.texi b/doc/guix-cookbook.texi index d9b98a2ab3..1f0e5eee54 100644 --- a/doc/guix-cookbook.texi +++ b/doc/guix-cookbook.texi @@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ Top Packaging * Packaging Tutorial:: A tutorial on how to add packages to Guix. +* Packaging Workflows:: Real life examples on working with specific build systems. Packaging Tutorial @@ -127,6 +128,16 @@ Top * Automatic update:: * Inheritance:: +Packaging Workflows + +* Packaging Rust Crates:: + +Packaging Rust Crates + +* Common Workflow for Packaging Rust Crates:: +* Development Snapshots and Cargo Workspaces:: +* Rust Programs With Mixed Build Systems:: + System Configuration * Auto-Login to a Specific TTY:: Automatically Login a User to a Specific TTY @@ -514,6 +525,7 @@ Packaging @menu * Packaging Tutorial:: A tutorial on how to add packages to Guix. +* Packaging Workflows:: Real life examples on working with specific build systems. @end menu @node Packaging Tutorial @@ -1593,6 +1605,346 @@ References @uref{https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/guix-ghm-andreas-20130823.pdf, ``GNU Guix: Package without a scheme!''}, by Andreas Enge @end itemize +@node Packaging Workflows +@section Packaging Workflows + +The following sections are real life examples on working with specific build +systems, serving as extensions to the concise packaging guidelines +(@pxref{Packaging Guidelines,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). + +@menu +* Packaging Rust Crates:: +@end menu + +@node Packaging Rust Crates +@subsection Packaging Rust Crates + +In preparation, add the following packages to our environment: + +@example +$ guix shell rust rust:cargo cargo-audit cargo-license +@end example + +@menu +* Common Workflow for Packaging Rust Crates:: +* Development Snapshots and Cargo Workspaces:: +* Rust Programs With Mixed Build Systems:: +@end menu + +@node Common Workflow for Packaging Rust Crates +@subsubsection Common Workflow for Packaging Rust Crates + +In this example, we'll package @code{cargo-audit}, which is published on the +@uref{https://crates.io, crates.io} Rust package repository. All its +dependencies are on crates.io as well. + +@enumerate +@item +Since @code{cargo-audit} is available on crates.io, We can generate a draft +definition via the crates.io importer (@pxref{Invoking guix import,,, guix, GNU +Guix Reference Manual}). In the end we'll have the following definiton: + +@lisp +(define-public cargo-audit + (package + (name "cargo-audit") + (version "0.21.2") + (source + (origin + (method url-fetch) + (uri (crate-uri "cargo-audit" version)) + (file-name (string-append name "-" version ".tar.gz")) + (sha256 + (base32 "1a00yqpckkw86zh2hg7ra82c5fx0ird5766dyynimbvqiwg2ps0n")))) + (build-system cargo-build-system) + (arguments (list #:install-source? #f)) + (inputs (cargo-inputs 'cargo-audit)) + (home-page "https://rustsec.org/") + (synopsis "Audit Cargo.lock for crates with security vulnerabilities") + (description + "This package provides a Cargo subcommand, @@command@{cargo audit@}, to +audit @@file@{Cargo.lock@} for crates with security vulnerabilities.") + (license (list license:asl2.0 license:expat)))) +@end lisp + +The symbol used in @code{cargo-inputs}, @code{'cargo-audit} here, must be a +unique identifier, usually matching the variable name of the package. + +@item +Unpack package source and navigate to the unpacked directory, then execute the +following commands: + +@example +$ cargo generate-lockfile +$ cargo audit +$ cargo license +@end example + +@command{cargo generate-lockfile} updates dependencies to compatible versions, +@command{cargo audit} checks known vulnerabilities and @command{cargo license} +checks licenses of all dependencies. + +We must have an acceptable output of @command{cargo audit} and ensure all +dependencies are licensed with our supported licenses (@pxref{Defining +Packages,,, guix, GNU Guix Reference Manual}). + +@item +Import dependencies from previously generated lockfile: + +@example +$ guix import --insert=gnu/packages/rust-crates.scm \ + crate --lockfile=/path/to/Cargo.lock cargo-audit +@end example + +@code{cargo-audit} used here must be consistent with the identifier used for +@code{cargo-inputs}. + +At this stage, package @code{cargo-audit} is buildable. + +@item +Finally we'll unbundle vendored sources. The lockfile importer inserts +@code{TODO:} comments to dependencies with high probability of bundled sources. +@code{cargo-build-system} also performs additional check in its +@code{check-for-pregenerated-files} phase: + +@example +$ ./pre-inst-env guix build cargo-audit +@dots{} +starting phase `check-for-pregenerated-files' +Searching for binary files... +./guix-vendor/rust-addr2line-0.21.0.tar.gz/rustfmt.toml +./guix-vendor/rust-arc-swap-1.7.1.tar.gz/rustfmt.toml +./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/dictionary-rust +./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/dictionary-rust-other +./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/lib.rs.zst +./guix-vendor/rust-async-compression-0.4.21.tar.gz/tests/artifacts/long-window-size-lib.rs.zst +@dots{} +@end example + +Although dependencies in @code{(gnu packages rust-crates)} are not exported, we +can still select them via the Guix command-line interface through expression: + +@example +$ guix build --expression='(@@@@ (gnu packages rust-crates) rust-ring-0.17.14)' +@end example + +For most dependencies, a snippet is sufficient: + +@lisp +(define rust-bzip2-sys-0.1.13+1.0.8 + (crate-source "bzip2-sys" "0.1.13+1.0.8" + "056c39pgjh4272bdslv445f5ry64xvb0f7nph3z7860ln8rzynr2" + #:snippet + '(begin + (delete-file-recursively "bzip2-1.0.8") + (delete-file "build.rs") + ;; Inspired by Debian's patch. + (with-output-to-file "build.rs" + (lambda _ + (format #t "fn main() @{~@@ + println!(\"cargo:rustc-link-lib=bz2\");~@@ + @}~%")))))) +@end lisp + +In a more complex case, where unbundling one dependency requires other packages, +we should package the dependency in @code{(gnu packages rust-sources)} first and +reference it by a symbol in the imported definition. + +For example we have defined a @code{rust-ring-0.17} in @code{(gnu packages +rust-sources)}, then the imported definition in @code{(gnu packages +rust-crates)} should be modified to a matching symbol. + +@lisp +(define rust-ring-0.17.14 'rust-ring-0.17) +@end lisp + +When one dependency can be safely removed, modify it to @code{#f}. + +@lisp +(define rust-openssl-src-300.4.2+3.4.1 #f) +@end lisp +@end enumerate + +@node Development Snapshots and Cargo Workspaces +@subsubsection Development Snapshots and Cargo Workspaces + +In this example, we'll package @code{niri}, which depends on development +snapshots (also Cargo workspaces here). + +As we can't ensure compatibility of a development snapshot, before executing +@command{cargo generate-lockfile}, we should modify @file{Cargo.toml} to pin it +to a known working revision. + +To use our packaged development snapshots, it's also necessary to modify +@file{Cargo.toml} in a build phase, with a package-specific substitution +pattern. + +@lisp +(define-public niri + (package + (name "niri") + (version "25.02") + (source (origin + (method git-fetch) + (uri (git-reference + (url "https://github.com/YaLTeR/niri") + (commit (string-append "v" version)))) + (file-name (git-file-name name version)) + (sha256 + (base32 + "0vzskaalcz6pcml687n54adjddzgf5r07gggc4fhfsa08h1wfd4r")))) + (build-system cargo-build-system) + (arguments + (list #:install-source? #f + #:phases + #~(modify-phases %standard-phases + (add-after 'unpack 'use-guix-vendored-dependencies + (lambda _ + (substitute* "Cargo.toml" + (("# version =.*") + "version = \"*\"") + (("git.*optional") + "version = \"*\", optional") + (("^git = .*") + ""))))))) + (native-inputs + (list pkg-config)) + (inputs + (cons* clang + libdisplay-info + libinput-minimal + libseat + libxkbcommon + mesa + pango + pipewire + wayland + (cargo-inputs 'niri))) + (home-page "https://github.com/YaLTeR/niri") + (synopsis "Scrollable-tiling Wayland compositor") + (description + "Niri is a scrollable-tiling Wayland compositor which arranges windows in a +scrollable format. It is considered stable for daily use and performs most +functions expected of a Wayland compositor.") + (license license:gpl3+))) +@end lisp + +@code{niri} has Cargo workspace dependencies. When packaging a Cargo workspace, +argument @code{#:cargo-package-crates} is required. + +@lisp +(define-public rust-pipewire-for-niri + (let ((commit "fd3d8f7861a29c2eeaa4c393402e013578bb36d9") + (revision "0")) + (package + (name "rust-pipewire") + (version (git-version "0.8.0" revision commit)) + (source + (origin + (method git-fetch) + (uri (git-reference + (url "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pipewire/pipewire-rs.git") + (commit commit))) + (file-name (git-file-name name version)) + (sha256 + (base32 "1hzyhz7xg0mz8a5y9j6yil513p1m610q3j9pzf6q55vdh5mcn79v")))) + (build-system cargo-build-system) + (arguments + (list #:skip-build? #t + #:cargo-package-crates + ''("libspa-sys" "libspa" "pipewire-sys" "pipewire"))) + (inputs (cargo-inputs 'rust-pipewire-for-niri)) + (home-page "https://pipewire.org/") + (synopsis "Rust bindings for PipeWire") + (description "This package provides Rust bindings for PipeWire.") + (license license:expat)))) +@end lisp + +Don't forget to modify all workspace members in @code{(gnu packages +rust-crates)}: + +@lisp +(define rust-pipewire-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 'rust-pipewire-for-niri) +(define rust-pipewire-sys-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 'rust-pipewire-for-niri) +@dots{} +(define rust-libspa-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 'rust-pipewire-for-niri) +(define rust-libspa-sys-0.8.0.fd3d8f7 'rust-pipewire-for-niri) +@end lisp + +@node Rust Programs With Mixed Build Systems +@subsubsection Rust Programs With Mixed Build Systems + +In this example, we'll package @code{fish}, which combines two build systems. + +When building Rust packages in other build systems, we need to add @code{rust} +and @code{rust:cargo} to @code{native-inputs}, import and use modules from both +build systems, and apply necessary build phases from @code{cargo-build-system}. + +@lisp +(define-public fish + (package + (name "fish") + (version "4.0.0") + (source + (origin + (method url-fetch) + (uri (string-append "https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/" + "releases/download/" version "/" + "fish-" version ".tar.xz")) + (sha256 + (base32 "1wv9kjwg6ax8m2f85i58l9f9cndshn1f15n8skc68w1mf3cmpnig")))) + (build-system cmake-build-system) + (inputs + (cons* fish-foreign-env ncurses pcre2 + python ;for fish_config and manpage completions + (cargo-inputs 'fish))) + (native-inputs + (list doxygen groff ;for 'fish --help' + pkg-config + procps ;for the test suite + rust + `(,rust "cargo"))) + (arguments + (list #:imported-modules + (append %cargo-build-system-modules + %cmake-build-system-modules) + #:modules + (((guix build cargo-build-system) #:prefix cargo:) + (guix build cmake-build-system) + (guix build utils)) + #:phases + #~(modify-phases %standard-phases + (add-after 'unpack 'use-guix-vendored-dependencies + (lambda _ + (substitute* "Cargo.toml" + (("git.*tag.*,") + "version = \"*\",")))) + (add-after 'unpack 'prepare-cargo-build-system + (lambda args + (for-each + (lambda (phase) + (format #t "Running cargo phase: ~a~%" phase) + (apply (assoc-ref cargo:%standard-phases phase) + args)) + '(unpack-rust-crates + configure + check-for-pregenerated-files + patch-cargo-checksums))))))) + (synopsis "The friendly interactive shell") + (description + "Fish (friendly interactive shell) is a shell focused on interactive use, +discoverability, and friendliness. Fish has very user-friendly and powerful +tab-completion, including descriptions of every completion, completion of +strings with wildcards, and many completions for specific commands. It also +has extensive and discoverable help. A special @@command@{help@} command gives +access to all the fish documentation in your web browser. Other features +include smart terminal handling based on terminfo, an easy to search history, +and syntax highlighting.") + (home-page "https://fishshell.com/") + (license license:gpl2))) +@end lisp + + @c ********************************************************************* @node System Configuration @chapter System Configuration